|
''Hector'' was a ship famous for having been part of the first significant migration of Scottish settlers to Nova Scotia in 1773. The replica of the original ship is located at the Hector Heritage Quay, a heritage center run by local volunteers, in Pictou.〔Historian Ian McKay and Robin Bates note that there were many Scots already in Nova Scotia prior to the arrival of the ''Hector'' (See ''In the Province of History''. McGill-Queens. 2010. p. 271-272〕 == History == A full rigged Fluyt, ''Hector'' (built in the Netherlands before 1750)〔Leonard M. Reid, ''Sons of the Hector'' (New Glasgow, Nova Scotia: Hector Publishing Co., 1973), 9.〕 was employed in local trade in waters off the British Isles as well as the immigrant trade to North America, having made at least one trip c. 1770 carrying Scottish emigrants to Boston, Massachusetts. In 1762 the earliest of the ''Fuadaich nan Gàidheal'' (Scottish Highland Clearances) forced many Gaelic families off their ancestral lands. The first ship loaded with Hebridean colonists arrived on "St.-John's Island" (Prince Edward Island) in 1770, with later ships following in 1772, and 1774.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z/s2/12 )〕 In 1773 a ship named ''The Hector'' landed in Pictou, Nova Scotia, with 189 settlers, mostly originating from Lochbroom. In 1784 the last barrier to Scottish settlement – a law restricting land-ownership on Cape Breton Island – was repealed, and soon both PEI and Nova Scotia were predominantly Gaelic-speaking. It is estimated more than 50,000 Gaelic settlers immigrated to Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island between 1815 and 1870.〔 Her famous voyage took place in 1773 with a departure date around the second week of July, carrying 189 Highlanders who were immigrating to Nova Scotia. The vessel's owner, Mr. John Pagan,〔Ron Wallis, ("History of Pictou" ), Town of Pictou Nova Scotia, accessed November 2, 2008.〕 along with Dr. John Witherspoon, purchased three shares of land near Pictou, Nova Scotia. Pagan and Witherspoon hired John Ross as a recruiting agent for settlers willing to immigrate to Pictou with an offer of free passage, 1 year of free provisions, and a farm. The settlers (23 families, 25 single men) were recruited at Greenock and at Lochbroom (Rossshire) with the majority being from Lochbroom. The settlers that boarded ''Hector'' were poor, "obscure, illiterate crofters and artisans from Northern (), who spoke Gaelic."〔Donald MacKay, ''Scotland Farewell: The People of the Hector'' (Toronto: Natural Heritage/Natural History Inc, 2001), vii.〕 The school teacher, William McKenzie was one of the few passengers on the ''Hector'' to speak both Gaelic and English.〔Leonard M. Reid, ''Sons of the Hector'' (New Glasgow, Nova Scotia: Hector Publishing Co., 1973), 13〕 ''Hector'' was an old ship and in poor condition when she left Europe.〔 The arduous voyage to Pictou took 11 weeks, with a gale off Newfoundland causing a 14-day delay. Dysentery〔Randal W. Oulton and Penelope Chrisholm, ("The Hector Passenger List, Arrived in Pictou 1773" ), Pictou County Nova Scotia GenWeb, accessed November 2, 2008.〕 and smallpox claimed 18 lives amongst the passengers.〔("The Hector Story" ), Town of Pictou Nova Scotia, accessed November 2, 2008.〕 The vessel arrived in Pictou Harbour on September 15, landing at Brown's Point, immediately west of the present-day town of Pictou. The year's free provisions never materialized for the passengers of ''Hector''.〔Leonard M. Reid, ''Sons of the Hector'' (New Glasgow, Nova Scotia: Hector Publishing Co., 1973), 18.〕 They had to hurry to build shelter without those provisions before winter set in and starved them. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hector (ship)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|